인도네시아 바탕 석탄화력발전소 반대 요구 "자금 지원 중단해야"
인도네시아 자바섬 바탕 지역에 강행되는 2,000MW 규모의 새 석탄화력발전소 추진 중단을 요구하는 세계 63개의 시민사회단체가 일본 정부에 서한을 전달했다. 일본 기업이 이번 사업에 뛰어들겠다고 밝혔고, 일본의 국제협력은행(JBIC)이 16억 달러의 자금 지원을 검토 중에 있다. 인도네시아 정부는 군대까지 동원해 농민들에 대한 토지 수탈과 인권 침해를 자행하고 있습니다. 아래는 지구의 벗 일본의 보도자료와 서한의 전문이다. 한국 시민사회 중 환경운동연합이 서한에 연명했습니다. 링크는 http://www.foejapan.org/en/aid/150925.html
시민사회, 인도네시아 바탕 석탄화력 관련 일본 국제협력은행의 지원 중단 요구
63 CSOs Call on JBIC to Reject Financing for Batang Coal Plant in Indonesia
September 25, 2015
At the proposed project site of the controversial 2,000-megawatt coal-fired power plant in Batang, Central Java, Indonesia, further cases of human rights violations have been reported. Most recently, the Indonesian army has put and leveled the soil in the majority of farmlands which the landowners have not yet agreed to sell for the project.
On September 25, the undersigned 63 organizations from 20 countries, have submitted the urgent petition as below to call on Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) to reject financing for the project, which has been pushed through in the forcible way, neglecting the local people’s opinion and rights.
Despite this serious human rights violation against the local community, JBIC is still considering funding the coal plant in Batang, which will cost US$ 4 billion. Japanese companies, “J Power” Electric Power Development Co. and Itochu Corp, have already decided to invested in the project. And JBIC is currently planning to finance around US$ 1.6 billion.
Ongoing and strong concerns regarding a loss of livelihoods, such as farming and fishing, have been raised persistently by local communities, and the project has been unable to proceed for nearly four years. 67 landowners who own some of the proposed project site are still refusing to sell their land.
In the end of July, three local villagers came to Japan to submit their objection to JBIC and talked directly to the Japanese decision-makers and public about the serious human rights violations they have experienced, such as intimidation and arbitrary arrest at the hands of the army, the police and the thugs. (http://sekitan.jp/jbic/?p=1184&lang=en)
To date, JBIC hasn't yet decided its finance for the project mainly due to the incompletion of the land acquisition. But the military has already cleared and leveled the farmland which the landowners haven't yet sold. This situation might be used by JBIC as a excuse for the completion of land acquisition. And JBIC might make a loan agreement with the project proponent on the occasion of the deadline for the financial closure of this project, or around October 6, 2015.
The urgent petition calls on JBIC to reject financing for the project, following its own environmental and social guidelines. JBIC must sincerely listen to the concerns and opinion of the local people, but being not complicit in those serious human rights violations against the local community the project has resulted in.
(The full text of the petition is below and downloadable here (PDF) :
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(This is a translation - The original letter was written in Japanese.)
September 25, 2015
Mr. Shinzo ABE, Prime Minister
Mr. Taro ASO, Minister of Finance
Mr. Hiroshi WATANABE, Governor, CEO, Japan Bank for International Cooperation
Urgent Request to Reject Japanese Public Financing
for the Proposed Batang Coal-fired Power Plant, Central Java, Indonesia
At the proposed project site of the Batang Coal-Fired Power Plant in Central Java, Indonesia, which the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) is currently considering its finance for, the military engineer of the Indonesian army has resumed land clearing with heavy equipment since September 11, 2015. They have put and leveled the soil in the majority of farmlands which the landowners have not yet agreed to sell or to be acquired, and have also destroyed almost all the irrigation systems for their farmlands. We, the undersigned 63 organizations from 20 countries, express our strong objection against and deep regret at the forcible way with which the project has been pushed through, neglecting the local people’s opinion and rights and committing human rights violations in a highly oppressive manner, and call on JBIC not to finance for the project.
Ongoing and strong concerns regarding loss of livelihoods, such as farming and fishing, and health impacts from pollution, have been raised persistently by local communities, and the project has been unable to proceed for nearly four years. During this period, community leaders opposing the project and landowners refusing to sell their land in the proposed project site have been subject to repeated human rights violations, such as intimidation, violence, and arbitrary arrest and detention at the hands of the army, the police, and other actors. Despite these human rights violations, 67 landowners who own some of the proposed project site are still refusing to sell their land. Also, an administrative court case has been filed at Semarang City, Central Java, questioning the legality of the acquisition process based on Law No. 2 of 2012 on Land Acquisition in this project, and the public hearing is still continuing.
On July 29, 2015, 23 members of the local community submitted an official objection to JBIC. In the submission, the local community pointed out how the project has failed and will fail to comply with many provisions of the JBIC Guidelines for Confirmation of Environmental and Social Considerations (the Guidelines), as it has made/will make their life worse and has caused/will cause violations of human rights. JBIC have already conveyed the local community’s objections to the project proponent, according to “Summary of Procedures to Submit Objections concerning JBIC Guidelines.” And the project proponent under the Guidelines is expected to take steps to bring the project into compliance by making appropriate environmental and social considerations.
For one and a half month, however, there have been no improvements on the ground. Instead, further cases of human rights violations have been reported from the local area. The intimidation to force the landowners to sell their land has been continuing by local thugs, who are supposedly hired by the pro group for the project and visited the landowners’ houses in the midnight. When President Joko Widodo came to Batang for the “kick-off construction” ceremony on August 28, 2015, the local community who are opposing the project tried to convey their opposition to the President. But high-pressure water cannons belonging to the army and police prevented them from even coming close to the ceremony venue. Further, despite not having any “consent” of the landowners and farmers, the land clearing work has commenced again by heavy equipment of the Indonesian army since September 11, 2015, who just very easily destroyed the land which used to be very fertile enough for the farmers to harvest the rice three times a year.
This situation raises two important questions for us: first is whether the project proponent and the Indonesian government, who have important roles to play in terms of environmental and social considerations in this project, currently have intention to implement the project with appropriate environmental and social considerations according to the Guidelines, and the second is whether they actually have capacity to implement the project with appropriate environmental and social considerations in the future.
JBIC Guidelines states that “If, as a result of its environmental review, JBIC judges that appropriate environmental and social considerations are not ensured, it will encourage the project proponent, through the borrower, to undertake appropriate environmental and social considerations. If appropriate environmental and social considerations are not undertaken, there may be cases where funding is not extended.”
As the deadline for the financial closure of the project is October 6, 2015, it is assumed that JBIC would is being urged to make a decision. Given the following situations, we call on JBIC to reject financing for the project, taking the outcomes of its environmental reviews into account for decisions on funding:
(i) In the objection paper, the local community pointed out how the project has failed and will fail to comply with many provisions of JBIC Guidelines, which haven’t been improved or solved yet.
(ii) Even after JBIC had already conveyed the contents of the objection paper to the project proponent, no appropriate environmental and social consideration has been made since then (to rectify matters).
(iii) In light of the factors, such as the intention and the capacity of the project proponent and host government, who have important roles to play in this project, it is very uncertain whether appropriate environmental and social considerations can be ensured after JBIC makes a decision to finance the project.
We request that the Japanese government and JBIC sincerely listen to the concerns and opinion of the local people and take a strong and resolute position to reject its finance, but being not complicit in those serious human rights violations against the local community the project has resulted in. We will wait for your response.
This letter is endorsed by the following 63 organizations.
350.org
Asian Peasant Coalition (APC)
BankTrack
ECA Watch
Friends of the Earth Asia Pacific
Greenpeace East Asia
Greenpeace International
11.11.11, Belgium
NOAH - Friends of the Earth Denmark
Center for ecology and energy, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Center for Environment - Friends of the Earth Bosnia and Herzegovina
Friends of the Earth Canada
COECOCEIBA - Friends of the Earth Costa Rica
Les Amis de la Terre - Friends of the Earth France
CounterCurrent – GegenStroemung, Germany
Urgewald, Germany
The Ecological Justice, Indonesia
Greenpeace Indonesia
Indonesia Civil Society for Foreign Policy Working Group On Infrastructure, Indonesia
KIARA (The People's Coalition for Fisheries Justice), Indonesia
Paguyuban UKPWR, Indonesia
Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia (WALHI) - Friends of the Earth Indonesia
WALHI Central Java, Indonesia
WALHI East Java, Indonesia
WALHI Jambi, Indonesia
WALHI West Java, Indonesia
Re:Common, Italy
A SEED JAPAN, Japan
Friends of the Earth Japan
greeneconomy & development and population's principle laboratory, Japan
Japan Center for a Sustainable Environment and Society (JACSES), Japan
Japan Tropical Forest Action Network, Japan
JUBILEE KYUSHU ON WORLD DEBT AND POVERTY, Japan
Kiko Network, Japan
Mekong Watch, Japan
Network for Indonesian Democracy, Japan (NINDJA), Japan
ODA Reform Network – Kansai, Japan
Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), Japan
Korea Federation for Environmental Movements (KFEM) - Friends of the Earth Korea
The Consumers' Association of Penang, Malaysia
Sahabat Alam Malaysia - Friends of the Earth Malaysia
Third World Network, Malaysia
Both ENDS, the Netherlands
Health of Mother Earth Foundation, Nigeria
CREED (Citizens' Alliance in Reforms for Equitable and Efficient Development), Pakistan
Pakistan Fisherfolk Forum, Pakistan
Farmers Development Center -Bohol, Philippines
Kalikasan People's Network for the Environment, Philippines
Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas (KMP), Philippines
KINABUHI Network, Philippines
Philippine Movement for Climate Justice (PMCJ), Philippines
Women's Development Center, INC., Philippines
Friends of the Earth Scotland
Ecological Alert and Recovery-Thailand (EARTH), Thailand
Energy Watch Thailand, Thailand
Greenpeace Southeast Asia, Thailand
Krabi Anti-Coal Network, Thailand
Save Andaman from Coal Network, Thailand
Thai Climate Justice Working Group, Thailand
Friends of the Earth US
Sierra Club, US
Ulu Foundation, US
GreenID, Vietnam
Contact:
Friends of the Earth Japan
Add: 1-21-9 Komone, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0037 Japan
Tel:+81 3-6909-5983 Fax:+81 3-6909-5986
Cc: Mr. Masahiro Okafuji, President & Chief Executive Officer, ITOCHU Corporation
Mr. Yasuo Maeda, Chairman, Electric Power Development Co.,Ltd. (J-POWER)
Mr. Masayoshi Kitamura, President, Electric Power Development Co.,Ltd. (J-POWER)
Mr. Teisuke Kitayama, Chairman of the Board, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation
Mr. Nobuhide Hayashi, President & CEO, Mizuho Bank, Ltd.
Mr. Nobuyuki Hirano, President, The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd.
* Batang Coal-fired Power Plant Project, Central Java, Indonesia
Two Japanese companies, J-POWER and ITOCHU, have already decided to invest in the project. Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) is currently considering its finance for the project. The loan amount is allegedly around 40 percent of the entire project cost (approximately US$ 4 billion). If built, the power plants (2,000 MW) will be one of the biggest coal-fired power plants in Southeast Asia. See more details (only available in Japanese) http://www.foejapan.org/aid/jbic02/batang/index.html



정부와 포스코의 탈석탄 정책을 촉구하는 활동가 ⓒ 서해[/caption]
정부와 삼척블루파워를 규탄하는 기자회견을 갖는 활동가들 ⓒ 서해[/caption]
적극적인 탈석탄법 및 관련 정책을 실행하도록 촉구하기 위해 직접행동을 하는 활동가들 ⓒ 서해[/caption]



작년 6월과 8월 사이에 시민들에게 선보인 9유로 티켓 ⓒ Tagesschau[/caption]
ⓒ freepik[/caption]
기차를 이용하고 있는 시민들 ⓒ ZDF[/caption]
버스에 탑승하는 시민들 ⓒ dpa[/caption]
ⓒ freepik[/caption]

주차장 태양광 설치 의무화 토론회에 참석한 참가자들 ⓒ환경운동연합[/caption]
더불어민주당(이하 민주당) 탄소중립위원회, 민주당 허영 의원, 민주당 이용선 의원, 환경운동연합은 9월 14일 국회의원 회관 제5간담회의실에서 주차장 태양광 설치 의무화 토론회를 주최했다. 이번 토론회는 주차장 태양광을 의무적으로 설치하도록 규정한 발의 법안들에 대한 쟁점을 논하고 협동조합과 시민사회 및 공공기관들과 주차장 태양광 설치 의무화에 대한 방향 모색을 위해 마련되었다.
[caption id="attachment_234563" align="aligncenter" width="640"]
2022년 수도권 주차장 태양광의 잠재량에 대해 발제하는 권우현 팀장 ⓒ환경운동연합[/caption]
첫 번째로, 권우현 환경운동연합 에너지기후팀 팀장은 ‘주차장 태양광 설치 의무화 제도 필요성 및 제언’ 을 주제로 환경운동연합의 자체 조사로 밝힌 주차장 태양광 잠재량을 상기시키며, 뜨거운 태양이나 비로부터 차를 보호하면서도 전력 생산을 할 수 있는 상보성 효과를 제시하며 주차장 태양광의 이점을 소개했다. 또한 주차장에 태양광이 있어서 수송 부문의 전력 소비와 연계성을 확보하기 쉽다는 점을 역설했다. 또한 작년 환경운동연합의 주차장 태양광 보고서를 토대로 경남, 부산, 전북 환경운동연합에서 잠재량을 조사하는 현황을 소개하며 주차장 태양광에 대한 지역의 뜨거운 관심을 소개했다. 더하여 프랑스 상원의 재생에너지 가속화법에 대해 여야가 쟁점 없이 합의하는 모습을 소개하면서 한국 국회에 시사점이 있다는 것을 끝으로 발제를 마쳤다.
[caption id="attachment_234562" align="aligncenter" width="640"]
재생에너지 입지갈등 및 주민수용성에 대해 발제하는 임현지 부연구위원 ⓒ환경운동연합[/caption]
두 번째로, 녹색에너지전략연구소 임현지 부연구위원이 ‘재생에너지 입지 갈등 사례 및 잠재량에 근거한 대안 제도 필요성'을 주제로 발제했다. 유휴부지의 태양광이 개발되는 실효성을 알아보고 태양광 유휴부지 태양광의 잠재량을 조사한 연구들을 소개하면서 주차장 태양광 확대를 위한 여러 가지 제안들을 제시했다. 임현지 부연구위원은 전력 수요가 증가하게 되면 재생에너지를 확대해서 전력을 공급해야 하는 것들은 점점 더 중요해지리라 내다 보았다. 끝으로 임현지 부연구위원은 주차장 태양광 확대를 위한 제언으로써 해외의 여러 의무화 제도, 국내의 주민참여형 추진 및 해외 금융모델들을 소개하면서 마무리했다.
이어 기후환경단체 플랜 1.5, 한국에너지공단, 국토교통부 그리고 경기도와 함께 토론회를 이어갔다.
[caption id="attachment_234564" align="aligncenter" width="640"]
토론회에서 쟁점에 대해 논의하는 참석자들 ⓒ환경운동연합[/caption]
플랜 1.5 박지혜 변호사는 토론에서 여러 나라의 재생에너지 설비 설치의 의무화 제도 확산을 소개했다. 그러면서 EU의 제도를 소개했는데 온실가스 감축 목표를 지키려다 보니까 재생에너지 확산이 더 필요하다는 점이 사회적으로 부각이 되면서 지붕 태양광 이니셔티브 법제화를 진행을 하고 태양광 발전 설치를 의무화하는 조치를 취하기로 했다고 얘기했다. 또한 건물 태양광과 관련한 의무화 조치가 속속 도입되고 있는 상황이기 때문에 우리나라도 이런 흐름에서 벗어날 수가 없으므로 따라가야 한다고 밝혔다.
한국에너지공단 태양광사업실 허영준 팀장은 주차장 태양광 발전소는 건축물이나 기존 건축물을 활용하는 것은 유휴부지 활용에 따른 환경 훼손을 최소화하기 때문에 나쁘지 않다고 생각한다고 말했다. 하지만 주차장 태양광이 특성 상 기존 건물들 속에 갇혀 있는 경우가 많아 재산적 피해를 우려해서 반대하는 것도 있다는 점을 감안해서 설치를 해야 한다고 강조했다. 그리고 공공기관들의 신재생에너지 설치 의무화 현황을 소개하면서 태양광의 의무화 법안 내용과 같이 이런 부분도 검토가 되어야 한다는 발언을 끝으로 갈무리했다.
국토교통부 최정민 생활교통복지과장은 국토교통부 입장에서는 별도의 신에너지 및 재생에너지 개발 이용 보급 촉진법이란 법을 통해 관련된 내용을 반영하는 것이 바람직하다고 밝혔다. 또한 주차장법 개정을 하여 주차장 태양광을 설치한다면 주차장 정책이 왜곡을 가져오지 않도록 섬세한 검토가 필요할 것이라고 역설하며 신중함을 강조했다.
경기도 기후환경에너지국 김연지 에너지산업과장은 현재 경기도의 28개 공공기관과 해당 기후환경에너지국은 경기도 내의 유휴부지를 모두 찾아서 발전시킬 수 있는 제안을 지사에게 드릴 계획을 가지고 있다고 역설했다. 또한 경기도는 주차장 태양광을 포함해서 경기도 내의 산단 재생에너지를 설치할 것을 추진했다고 강조하면서 적극적으로 추진할 것을 밝혔다.
마지막으로 환경운동연합 김호철 공동대표는 전체적으로 프랑스 에너지 신재생 에너지 가속화 법을 살펴본다면 심리적 요소 혹은 시장 요소들을 다 고려하면서 실행하는 것이 보이고 국내서 주차장법과 신재생법 관련해서도 여러 통합적인 고려까지 발의안에 담고 있는 것이라고 보았다. 다만 오늘 토론회에서는 현실성을 갖고 속도감 있게 진행되기 위해서 여러 가지가 필요하다는 점들을 알 수 있었다고 정리했다. 그래서 다시 이러한 쟁점들을 정리해서 입법 과정에서 적극적으로 반영하는 노력을 환경운동연합을 비롯한 여러 전문 그룹들의 관심을 촉구드린다고 밝혔다. 마지막으로 공공 분야에 종사하는 분들은 이 토론회에 참여한 시민들의 바람등을 반영해 적극적으로 태양광 발전을 실현해 나가야 함을 당부했다.

1970년대 독일 Whyl에서 첫번째 반핵 시위 ⓒ Axel Mayer[/caption]
후쿠시마 사고 1주년: 약 5천 명은 독일 바덴뷔르템베르크에 있는 네카웨스트하임 원자력 발전소로 행진했다 ⓒ Jan-Philipp Strobel/dpa[/caption]
2023년 4월 15일 이후 독일의 원자로와 해체 상태 지도 ⓒ Germany's Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety and Consumer Protection[/caption]
원자력 발전소 독일 Isar ⓒ HO/ REUTERS[/caption]



올덴버거 안 주간시장에서 소비자가 과일을 살펴보고 있다. ⓒ picture alliance/dpa | Hauke-Christian Dittrich[/caption]
독일의 식물성 대체식품 시장 리더인 Rügenwalder Mühle의 베지테리언 햄 광고 ⓒ Rügenwalder Mühle[/caption]
한 비건 인플루언서가 Plant-based 음식을 네티즌에게 소개하고 있는 포스트 ⓒ @sweetsimplevegan[/caption]
독일 슈퍼마켓에서 팔리는 육류 대체식품 ⓒ Joerg Boethling/imago-images-bilder[/caption]


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