우리집 베란다에서 태양광을? 우리도 재생에너지 가능하다!

‘저탄소 녹색성장’ 주장한 한국, 석탄 소비량은 계속 증가

한국 기업의 해외 탄광개발 피해 심각 

뉴사우스웨일스 주정부, 한전의 바이롱 탄광사업에 잠정중단 명령

한국전력(이하 한전)이 호주에서 추진 중인 탄광 개발 사업이 법적 소송에 휘말리게 됐다. 호주 현지 언론보도에 따르면, 한전은 호주 뉴사우스웨일스주 바이롱 탄광의 탐사권을 취득하는 과정에서 허위 정보를 제출한 혐의를 받고 있다. 뉴사우스웨일스 주 정부는 탐사 작업의 중단을 명령하고, 지난 29일 한전을 상대로 소송을 제기했다.

시추 예정 부지의 소유주는 한전에 의해 제출된 현장 사진이 실제와 다르다며 주 정부에 사실을 알렸다. 한전이 제출한 문제의 사진은 평지로 보이는 목초지였지만, 실제 해당 부지는 경사진 암석 지대로 이루어졌다는 증거 사진이 토지 소유주에 의해 제시됐다.

뉴사우스웨일스 주정부는 ‘허위나 잘못된(false or misleading)’ 정보를 제출해 광물법을 위반했다며 한국전력 호주 현지법인과 탐사업체를 상대로 소송을 제기했다. 한전이 주 정부에 제출한 문서에는 정보가 ‘사실이며 정확하다’고 명시했다.

단순히 사진 한 장을 허위로 제출했다는 차원이 아니라, 탄광 개발 허가 과정이 그만큼 부실하고 편법으로 얼룩져있다는 단적인 증거였다. 문제를 제기한 토지 소유인 크레이그 쇼는 “이번 혐의가 사실로 밝혀진다면, 주민들은 이번 건이 단지 빙하의 일각에 불과한지 의심할 수밖에 없을 것”이라면서 “한전이 편법으로 추가적인 허위 정보를 제출했을지 모른다”고 지적했다. 그는 정보공개를 통해 한전의 자료를 검토하던 중 문제를 발견하고 이의를 제기했다.

이번 소송에 휘말린 한전 바이롱호주 유한회사는 한국전력이 지분 100%를 소유하고 있다. 한전은 앞서 2010년 7월 바이롱 광산 지분의 100%를 인수했다. 한전이 해외 자원개발에 뛰어든 뒤 광구의 지분을 100% 인수한 경우는 이번 사업이 처음이다. 한전은 2017년부터 바이롱 탄광에서 생산을 시작해 40년 이상 연간 500만톤 이상의 발전용 유연탄을 안정적으로 확보하고, 연간 약 5,900억 원의 수익을 내겠다며 대대적으로 이를 홍보하기도 했다.

바이롱 탄광 사업은 수자원과 농지 오염을 우려한 지역 주민과 환경단체의 강한 반대에 부딪혀왔다. 이번 소송과 관련해 바이롱밸리보전연맹(Bylong Valley Protection Alliance)은 성명을 내고 “한국전력을 상대로 한 이번 소송을 환영한다”면서 “한전이 호주와 다른 나라에서 보여줬던 과거 이력은 이미 우려스러운 것으로 나타났다. 한전이 (탄광) 사업의 승인을 받기 위해 허위 사진을 제출하면서 이런 우려를 더욱 키웠다”고 비판했다.

성명은 “바이롱 탄광 사업은 최상의 경작지와 지하수를 망가뜨릴 것으로 우려된다”며 “뉴사우스웨일스 주정부가 이렇게 미심쩍은 기업에 사업 허가를 내준다는 것은 정말 위험천만한 일”이라며 경고했다.

기후변화 대응에 따라 세계적으로 석탄 소비량이 줄어들고 있는 가운데 한전은 막대한 수익을 기대하며 바이롱 탄광 사업 추진에 열을 올리고 있다. 빌 바토벡 한전 호주법인 부사장은 “지금은 광산을 개발하기 위한 황금기”라며 이번 사업에 대한 지지를 호소하기도 했다. 바이롱 탄광 사업은 호주에서 추진 중인 마지막 신규 탄광 개발 사업 중 하나다.

바이롱 탄광에서 생산된 석탄은 한국의 화력발전소와 산업용 원료로 수입될 계획이다. 한국은 세계 4위의 석탄 수입국이다. 국내 탄광은 거의 모두 문을 닫았지만 막대한 양의 석탄을 해외 수입에 의존하게 됐다. 주로 인도네시아와 호주로부터 수입된다. 정부는 3년 전 저탄소 녹색성장을 강조하면서도 전력수요 증가를 명분으로 신규 석탄화력발전소를 대거 승인하면서 해외 석탄 자원개발을 적극 추진해왔다.

석탄이 국내 화력발전소에서 태워지면서 다량의 대기오염물질로 심각한 건강피해를 일으키는 한편, 채굴하고 수입되는 과정에서도 광범위한 환경 피해를 일으키고 있다는 사실을 염두에 두면, 한국은 ‘석탄 중독’에서 이제 벗어나야 할 때이다.

호주에서 탄광 개발을 둘러싼 우려가 커지는 가운데 시민사회의 시선이 바이롱 밸리를 향하고 있다. 바이롱 밸리는 자연 생태계가 매우 잘 보전된 지역으로서 내셔널트러스트의 경관보전 지역으로 지정되기도 했다. 이번 소송은 4월 말 법원에서 다뤄질 예정이다. 바이롱 탄광 개발, 호주만의 문제가 아니다.

인도네시아 자바섬 바탕 지역에 강행되는 2,000MW 규모의 새 석탄화력발전소 추진 중단을 요구하는 세계 63개의 시민사회단체가 일본 정부에 서한을 전달했다. 일본 기업이 이번 사업에 뛰어들겠다고 밝혔고, 일본의 국제협력은행(JBIC)이 16억 달러의 자금 지원을 검토 중에 있다. 인도네시아 정부는 군대까지 동원해 농민들에 대한 토지 수탈과 인권 침해를 자행하고 있습니다. 아래는 지구의 벗 일본의 보도자료와 서한의 전문이다. 한국 시민사회 중 환경운동연합이 서한에 연명했습니다. 링크는 http://www.foejapan.org/en/aid/150925.html

시민사회, 인도네시아 바탕 석탄화력 관련 일본 국제협력은행의 지원 중단 요구

63 CSOs Call on JBIC to Reject Financing for Batang Coal Plant in Indonesia 

September 25, 2015

At the proposed project site of the controversial 2,000-megawatt coal-fired power plant in Batang, Central Java, Indonesia, further cases of human rights violations have been reported. Most recently, the Indonesian army has put and leveled the soil in the majority of farmlands which the landowners have not yet agreed to sell for the project.

On September 25, the undersigned 63 organizations from 20 countries, have submitted the urgent petition as below to call on Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) to reject financing for the project, which has been pushed through in the forcible way, neglecting the local people’s opinion and rights.

Despite this serious human rights violation against the local community, JBIC is still considering funding the coal plant in Batang, which will cost US$ 4 billion. Japanese companies, “J Power” Electric Power Development Co. and Itochu Corp, have already decided to invested in the project. And JBIC is currently planning to finance around US$ 1.6 billion.

Ongoing and strong concerns regarding a loss of livelihoods, such as farming and fishing, have been raised persistently by local communities, and the project has been unable to proceed for nearly four years. 67 landowners who own some of the proposed project site are still refusing to sell their land.

In the end of July, three local villagers came to Japan to submit their objection to JBIC and talked directly to the Japanese decision-makers and public about the serious human rights violations they have experienced, such as intimidation and arbitrary arrest at the hands of the army, the police and the thugs. (http://sekitan.jp/jbic/?p=1184&lang=en)

To date, JBIC hasn't yet decided its finance for the project mainly due to the incompletion of the land acquisition. But the military has already cleared and leveled the farmland which the landowners haven't yet sold. This situation might be used by JBIC as a excuse for the completion of land acquisition. And JBIC might make a loan agreement with the project proponent on the occasion of the deadline for the financial closure of this project, or around October 6, 2015.

The urgent petition calls on JBIC to reject financing for the project, following its own environmental and social guidelines. JBIC must sincerely listen to the concerns and opinion of the local people, but being not complicit in those serious human rights violations against the local community the project has resulted in.

(The full text of the petition is below and downloadable here (PDF) : 

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(This is a translation - The original letter was written in Japanese.)

September 25, 2015 

Mr. Shinzo ABE, Prime Minister

Mr. Taro ASO, Minister of Finance

Mr. Hiroshi WATANABE, Governor, CEO, Japan Bank for International Cooperation

Urgent Request to Reject Japanese Public Financing

for the Proposed Batang Coal-fired Power Plant, Central Java, Indonesia

At the proposed project site of the Batang Coal-Fired Power Plant in Central Java, Indonesia, which the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) is currently considering its finance for, the military engineer of the Indonesian army has resumed land clearing with heavy equipment since September 11, 2015. They have put and leveled the soil in the majority of farmlands which the landowners have not yet agreed to sell or to be acquired, and have also destroyed almost all the irrigation systems for their farmlands. We, the undersigned 63 organizations from 20 countries, express our strong objection against and deep regret at the forcible way with which the project has been pushed through, neglecting the local people’s opinion and rights and committing human rights violations in a highly oppressive manner, and call on JBIC not to finance for the project. 

Ongoing and strong concerns regarding loss of livelihoods, such as farming and fishing, and health impacts from pollution, have been raised persistently by local communities, and the project has been unable to proceed for nearly four years. During this period, community leaders opposing the project and landowners refusing to sell their land in the proposed project site have been subject to repeated human rights violations, such as intimidation, violence, and arbitrary arrest and detention at the hands of the army, the police, and other actors. Despite these human rights violations, 67 landowners who own some of the proposed project site are still refusing to sell their land. Also, an administrative court case has been filed at Semarang City, Central Java, questioning the legality of the acquisition process based on Law No. 2 of 2012 on Land Acquisition in this project, and the public hearing is still continuing. 

On July 29, 2015, 23 members of the local community submitted an official objection to JBIC. In the submission, the local community pointed out how the project has failed and will fail to comply with many provisions of the JBIC Guidelines for Confirmation of Environmental and Social Considerations (the Guidelines), as it has made/will make their life worse and has caused/will cause violations of human rights. JBIC have already conveyed the local community’s objections to the project proponent, according to “Summary of Procedures to Submit Objections concerning JBIC Guidelines.” And the project proponent under the Guidelines is expected to take steps to bring the project into compliance by making appropriate environmental and social considerations. 

For one and a half month, however, there have been no improvements on the ground. Instead, further cases of human rights violations have been reported from the local area. The intimidation to force the landowners to sell their land has been continuing by local thugs, who are supposedly hired by the pro group for the project and visited the landowners’ houses in the midnight. When President Joko Widodo came to Batang for the “kick-off construction” ceremony on August 28, 2015, the local community who are opposing the project tried to convey their opposition to the President. But high-pressure water cannons belonging to the army and police prevented them from even coming close to the ceremony venue. Further, despite not having any “consent” of the landowners and farmers, the land clearing work has commenced again by heavy equipment of the Indonesian army since September 11, 2015, who just very easily destroyed the land which used to be very fertile enough for the farmers to harvest the rice three times a year.

This situation raises two important questions for us: first is whether the project proponent and the Indonesian government, who have important roles to play in terms of environmental and social considerations in this project, currently have intention to implement the project with appropriate environmental and social considerations according to the Guidelines, and the second is whether they actually have capacity to implement the project with appropriate environmental and social considerations in the future. 

JBIC Guidelines states that “If, as a result of its environmental review, JBIC judges that appropriate environmental and social considerations are not ensured, it will encourage the project proponent, through the borrower, to undertake appropriate environmental and social considerations. If appropriate environmental and social considerations are not undertaken, there may be cases where funding is not extended.” 

As the deadline for the financial closure of the project is October 6, 2015, it is assumed that JBIC would is being urged to make a decision. Given the following situations, we call on JBIC to reject financing for the project, taking the outcomes of its environmental reviews into account for decisions on funding: 

(i) In the objection paper, the local community pointed out how the project has failed and will fail to comply with many provisions of JBIC Guidelines, which haven’t been improved or solved yet. 

(ii) Even after JBIC had already conveyed the contents of the objection paper to the project proponent, no appropriate environmental and social consideration has been made since then (to rectify matters). 

(iii) In light of the factors, such as the intention and the capacity of the project proponent and host government, who have important roles to play in this project, it is very uncertain whether appropriate environmental and social considerations can be ensured after JBIC makes a decision to finance the project. 

We request that the Japanese government and JBIC sincerely listen to the concerns and opinion of the local people and take a strong and resolute position to reject its finance, but being not complicit in those serious human rights violations against the local community the project has resulted in. We will wait for your response. 

This letter is endorsed by the following 63 organizations.

350.org

Asian Peasant Coalition (APC)

BankTrack

ECA Watch

Friends of the Earth Asia Pacific

Greenpeace East Asia

Greenpeace International

11.11.11, Belgium

NOAH - Friends of the Earth Denmark

Center for ecology and energy, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Center for Environment - Friends of the Earth Bosnia and Herzegovina

Friends of the Earth Canada

COECOCEIBA - Friends of the Earth Costa Rica

Les Amis de la Terre - Friends of the Earth France

CounterCurrent – GegenStroemung, Germany

Urgewald, Germany

The Ecological Justice, Indonesia

Greenpeace Indonesia

Indonesia Civil Society for Foreign Policy Working Group On Infrastructure, Indonesia

KIARA (The People's Coalition for Fisheries Justice), Indonesia

Paguyuban UKPWR, Indonesia

Wahana Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia (WALHI) - Friends of the Earth Indonesia

WALHI Central Java, Indonesia

WALHI East Java, Indonesia

WALHI Jambi, Indonesia

WALHI West Java, Indonesia

Re:Common, Italy

A SEED JAPAN, Japan

Friends of the Earth Japan

greeneconomy & development and population's principle laboratory, Japan

Japan Center for a Sustainable Environment and Society (JACSES), Japan

Japan Tropical Forest Action Network, Japan

JUBILEE KYUSHU ON WORLD DEBT AND POVERTY, Japan

Kiko Network, Japan

Mekong Watch, Japan

Network for Indonesian Democracy, Japan (NINDJA), Japan

ODA Reform Network – Kansai, Japan

Pacific Asia Resource Center (PARC), Japan

Korea Federation for Environmental Movements (KFEM) - Friends of the Earth Korea

The Consumers' Association of Penang, Malaysia

Sahabat Alam Malaysia - Friends of the Earth Malaysia

Third World Network, Malaysia

Both ENDS, the Netherlands

Health of Mother Earth Foundation, Nigeria

CREED (Citizens' Alliance in Reforms for Equitable and Efficient Development), Pakistan

Pakistan Fisherfolk Forum, Pakistan

Farmers Development Center -Bohol, Philippines

Kalikasan People's Network for the Environment, Philippines

Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas (KMP), Philippines

KINABUHI Network, Philippines

Philippine Movement for Climate Justice (PMCJ), Philippines

Women's Development Center, INC., Philippines

Friends of the Earth Scotland

Ecological Alert and Recovery-Thailand (EARTH), Thailand

Energy Watch Thailand, Thailand

Greenpeace Southeast Asia, Thailand

Krabi Anti-Coal Network, Thailand

Save Andaman from Coal Network, Thailand

Thai Climate Justice Working Group, Thailand

Friends of the Earth US

Sierra Club, US

Ulu Foundation, US

GreenID, Vietnam

Contact:

Friends of the Earth Japan

Add: 1-21-9 Komone, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0037 Japan

Tel:+81 3-6909-5983 Fax:+81 3-6909-5986

Cc: Mr. Masahiro Okafuji, President & Chief Executive Officer, ITOCHU Corporation

Mr. Yasuo Maeda, Chairman, Electric Power Development Co.,Ltd. (J-POWER)

Mr. Masayoshi Kitamura, President, Electric Power Development Co.,Ltd. (J-POWER)

Mr. Teisuke Kitayama, Chairman of the Board, Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation

Mr. Nobuhide Hayashi, President & CEO, Mizuho Bank, Ltd.

Mr. Nobuyuki Hirano, President, The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd.

* Batang Coal-fired Power Plant Project, Central Java, Indonesia 

Two Japanese companies, J-POWER and ITOCHU, have already decided to invest in the project. Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC) is currently considering its finance for the project. The loan amount is allegedly around 40 percent of the entire project cost (approximately US$ 4 billion). If built, the power plants (2,000 MW) will be one of the biggest coal-fired power plants in Southeast Asia. See more details (only available in Japanese) http://www.foejapan.org/aid/jbic02/batang/index.html 

[후쿠시마 핵발전소 사고 6주기 ‘나비행진’ 퍼레이드]

2011년 3월 11일, 후쿠시마 원자력 발전소 사고가 발생한지 6년이 흘렀습니다.

그후 해마다 일본 후쿠시마 원전사고가 있던 날을 기억하며 희생자를 추모하고,

아울러 탈핵과 재생에너지 확대를 위한 행사를 진행해왔습니다.

올해 후쿠시마 핵발전소 사고 6주기는 퍼레이드 형식으로 진행합니다.

전례없는 국정농단 사태로 탄핵과 조기 대선이 예상되는 가운데,

다음 정권에는 탈핵과 에너지 전환을 이루는 계기를 만들자는 취지도 함께 녹여,

우리의 작은 움직임이 나비효과를 만들어내기를 기원하는 ‘나비행진’입니다.

‘나비행진’  퍼레이드는 가장행렬 형식으로

시민들과 예술가들이 가면과 코스튬 제작부터 행진 참여까지 함께 하고 있으며,

퍼레이드 참가자와 행인도 신명나는 길놀이를 할 수 있도록 기획되었습니다.

한살림 조합원 여러분도 가족, 지인과 함께 참여하셔서 가장행렬 퍼레이드도 즐기고,

탈핵 에너지 전환의 공감대를 만들어가는 자리가 되기를 바랍니다.